FORENSIC BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY LABORATORY

Abstract:

Forensic Biology and Toxicology Laboratory plays a vital role in a criminal investigation process and as well as the Blood and the Biological material analysis have a very important role in the investigation of cases like murder, assault, dacoity, rape, accidents, Suicides and Homicides etc. The main crime articles encountered in the above crimes are body fluids such as blood, semen, saliva, urine, milk and their stain, hair, wood, botanicals specimens, examination of different types of poisons and drugs, etc. A toxicologist examines viscera, stomach wash, vomit, blood, and other materials submitted by the medical and police officers in homicidal and suicidal poisoning cases for the detection of prisons of vegetable origin inorganic salts and metals, synthetic, drugs, pesticides, alcohols, etc. Examination of powders, tablets, capsules, syringes, vials, and any other articles found at the crime scene are carried out in this division. The analyses of all the above articles are carried out in Forensic Biology and Toxicology Division of any Forensic Science Laboratory.

Forensic Biology and Toxicology division basically deals with the examination of biological materials and toxic materials encountered in a crime against persons or property. In addition to the articles mentioned above some other articles may be found at a scene of crime like fibres, diatoms, plant materials like wood, leaves, seeds, fruits, flower pollens, cigarettes, bidies, zarda, insects, files maggots, wild animal's remnants in shooting, poaching, suicide, homicide, etc.

Role of Forensic Biology and Toxicology Examiner

A Forensic Examiner working under this laboratory has a very important role to investigate or solve a case. The nature of examinations carried out by him in this division are:

>> To detect different body fluids e.g. as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, urine etc. or their remnants on the articles/stains.

>> To analysis the above material whether it belongs to human or animal origin.

>> Blood group analysis on the body fluids.

>> Analysis of the hair to co-relate accused with the crime.

>> To analysis flesh or blood in cases that come under wild life prevention or adulteration.

>> Sexing of human hair, teeth and blood stains.

>> Comparative analysis of wood, likewise in exceptional cases.

>> Examination of viscera, stomach wash, vomit, blood, and other materials

>> Identification of different types of poisons

>> Examination of various types of other toxic substances

>> Examination of powders, tablets, capsules, syringes, vials

>> Examination of materials in animal and bird criminal cases

>> Analysis and quantization of poisons

Services

Forensic Biology and Toxicology Laboratory provides a wide range of forensic examination services like examination of Biological fluids such as blood, semen, saliva, urine, milk and their stain, hair, wood, botanicals specimens, Viscera Examination, Identification of different types of poisons, Examination of various types of other toxic substances, etc. Mostly in the cases of sexual assault, semen found on vaginal swabs or clothing of a victim is used for DNA profiling of a suspected person, as well as in murder or assault cases blood present on the stain or clothing of a suspect is used for DNA profiling of the victim. A Microscopic examination has taken place in the cases like Hairs and fibres and Hairs can be also used for DNA profiling. A forensic examiner should always keep one thing in his mind that a preliminary examination should always be applied before applying any confirmatory test or examination.